While the CNC systems configured on various types of CNC milling machines differ, their main functions are essentially the same, except for some unique features.
1. Point-to-Point Control Function: This function enables the machining of holes requiring high positional accuracy.
2. Continuous Contour Control Function: This function enables interpolation of straight lines and arcs, as well as the machining of non-circular curves.
3. Tool Radius Compensation Function: This function allows programming based on the dimensions specified in the part drawing, eliminating the need to consider the actual radius of the tool used, thus reducing complex numerical calculations during programming.
4. Tool Length Compensation Function: This function automatically compensates for tool length variations to accommodate adjustments made during machining.
5. Scale and Mirror Machining Functions: The scale function allows the programmed machining sequence to be executed by changing the coordinate values at a specified ratio. Mirror machining, also known as axisymmetric machining, allows the machining of parts symmetrical about coordinate axes to be achieved by programming only one or two quadrants, while the contours of the remaining quadrants can be mirrored.
6. Rotation Function: This function allows the programmed machining sequence to be rotated at any angle within the machining plane for execution.
7. Subroutine Call Function: Some parts require repeated machining of the same contour shape at different locations. The machining program for this contour shape can be used as a subroutine, repeatedly called at the required locations to complete the machining of the part.
8. Macro Program Function: This function allows a single macro instruction to represent a series of instructions to achieve a specific function, and it can perform calculations on variables, making the program more flexible and convenient.